Notes on African linguistics

From the introduction, This report is an overview of some of the common features of African languages

A Comparison between the Constitutional Protections against the Imposition of Involuntary Expatriation and a Taxpayer\u27s Right to Disclaim Citizenship

This Note examines both sides of the coin: the constitutional protections given the individual fighting to retain his citizenship will be compared with the burdens, particularly the tax consequences, imposed on individuals wanting to relinquish citizenship. Section II examines the classic constitutionally-based expatriation material. It discusses the legislative history of expatriation law, including the 1978 amendments to the INA, reviews the major expatriation case law, and concludes with an analysis of Vance v. Terrazas, the most recent Supreme Court pronouncement on the nature of the voluntary conduct required to constitute expatriation. Section III deals with the tax aspects of expatriation. In order to demonstrate the tension existing in this area prior to the 1966 enactment of the Internal Revenue Code (IRC) provisions specifically addressing expatriation, section III examines the early judicial approach to attempted expatriation for tax avoidance reasons and the response of the Internal Revenue Service to that approach. A detailed analysis of the applicable income, estate, and gift tax provisions, including the legislative history, the fundamentals of each section, and relevant planning strategies, follows. Section IV employs an analysis of United States v. Matheson to address the impact of the tax consequences vis-a-vis the particular IRC provisions involving expatriation in juxtaposition to the constitutional safeguards examined in Section II

History of the Department of Speech Pathology and Audiology at the University of North Dakota

The Department, of Speech Pathology and Audiology at the University of North Dakota has been in existence since 1 February 1967 The purpose of this study was to accumulate a complete history of the department from the time a program in speech correction was begun as a part of the Department of Speech in the late 1940\u27s through the spring semester 1978. This thesis begins with a statement of purpose and a brief description of the present status of the department in Chapter I. The first section of Chapter II includes information about the early history of speech pathology in North Dakota. The next two sections of this chapter are a chronological progression of the beginning and development of speech correction from 1948 through 1966. The final section of Chapter II describes the separation of speech pathology and audiology from the Department of Speech. The next six chapters of this thesis are broken down into specific topic areas. Chapter III includes information pertaining to faculty— persons who were employed for each academic year from 1967-68 through 1977-78— and their publications and papers, national offices, and salaries. Chapter IV includes information about undergraduate and graduate students, and Chapter V deals with undergraduate and graduate courses. Information about the Speech and Hearing Clinic is contained in Chapter VI, and Chapter VII describes the physical facilities of the department. Significant historical developments such as the program planning, departmental examination, the evaluation of students involved in practicum, departmental bylaws, a curriculum conference and questionnaire to evaluate the department, a thesis to describe former graduate students and their evaluation of the program, student teaching,’ departmental accreditation, and a ten-year planning report are included in Chapter VIII. Chapter IX consists of a summary and conclusions drawn from the information gathered

Ladies First: The Ways Women and Girls Affected Change in the Civil Rights Movement in New Orleans

New Orleans Historical is a project of the Midlo Center for New Orleans Studies in the History Department of the University of New Orleans. This thesis and tour presents and discusses the “Ladies First” tour which contains seven tour stops on New Orleans Historical. The tour chronicles seven women and girls who have advanced the cause of equal rights and justice in the metropolitan region of New Orleans, Louisiana between 1950 and 1975. This thesis examines the work of seven key figures: Rosa Keller, Doratha “Dodie” Simmons, Marie Ortiz, Sybil Morial, and Dorothy Mae Taylor; and participants in the Civil Rights Movement, two young Black girls, Leona Tate and Ruby Bridges. These seven women’s activism centered on three principal areas: for education, resistance to segregation, and political participation. Keywords: Activism, African American, Black, Civil Rights Movement, Women, Girls, New Orleans, Segregation, Integratio

Agent-Based Team Aiding in a Time Critical Task

In this paper we evaluate the effectiveness of agent-based aiding in support of a time-critical team-planning task for teams of both humans and heterogeneous software agents. The team task consists of human subjects playing the role of military commanders and cooperatively planning to move their respective units to a common rendezvous point, given time and resource constraints. The objective of the experiment was to compare the effectiveness of agent-based aiding for individual and team tasks as opposed to the baseline condition of manual route planning. There were two experimental conditions: the Aided condition, where a Route Planning Agent (RPA) finds a least cost plan between the start and rendezvous points for a given composition of force units; and the Baseline condition, where the commanders determine initial routes manually, and receive basic feedback about the route. We demonstrate that the Aided condition provides significantly better assistance for individual route planning and team-based re-planning

Reach for Your Cell Phone at Your Own Risk: The Cognitive Costs of Media Choice for Breaks

Introduction: Since there is steady increase in cell phone addiction, the act of reaching for a phone between tasks, or even mid-task, is becoming more commonplace, without a true understanding about the potential cognitive costs of taking a break in this way as opposed to taking a break through another medium. Methods: This experimental study included 414 participants who completed a cognitively demanding task (solving anagrams) either on paper or on a computer screen. Participants in three of four randomly assigned conditions engaged in a break task (selecting items for a hypothetical shopping list) either on a cell phone, a larger computer screen, or on a paper in the middle of the task. The fourth condition had participants engaging in both halves of the cognitive task with no break. Results: The results show that using cell phone for a break did not allow brain to recharge as effectively as the other types of breaks, both in terms of being able to perform quickly and efficiently in the second half of the task (how long it took to complete), and in terms of performance (how many anagrams were successfully solved in the second half). Discussion and conclusions: As people are increasingly addicted to their cell phones, it is important to know the unintended costs associated with reaching for this device every spare minute. Although people may assume that it is not different from any other kind of interaction or break, this study shows that the phone might be more cognitively taxing than expected